- Pathogen:
- Clostridium spp.
- Precautions:
- Standard
- Diagnosis:
- Enriched blood agar. Specific toxins can be identified by toxin neutralization or immunoassay methods.
- Pathogen Information:
- Large, spore-forming, gram-positive rods. Over 200 species, but less than 20 are pathogenic.
- Epidemiology:
- Present in soil, feces, and the alimentary tract of animals. Divided into four groups based on exotoxins produced (neurotoxic, histotoxic, enteropathogenic and enterotoxaemia producing, atypical).
- Associated Syndromes:
- Tetanus, Botulism, Blackleg, Abomastitis, Wound infections, Necrotic enteritis, Necrotizing enterocolitis, Myositis, Infectious necrotic hepatitis (black disease), Bacillary haemoglobinuria, Pulpy kidney, Haemorrhagic enteritis, Sudden death.
- Additional Information:
- Resource: Quinn, P. J., et al. Concise Review of Veterinary Microbiology, John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, 2015.